BitTorrent ()
BitTorrent ( ) P2P-, . BitTorrent .
- (. seeding) BitTorrent.
- (. peer ) , . .
- , (. seeder ) , , , .
- (. leech ) , , . , : , , .
- (. swarm) , .
- (. availability), distributed copies , . 1,0 ; , . , , 50% ( ), 1,50.
- (. share ratio) .
- (. announce) . , a . , .
- URL (. announce URL) , . Tracker URL. passkey , , ( URL *.torrent-).
- .
- ; , . , , .
- (peers) , , .
- .
- .
- (, ).
TCP.
, TCP.
. , HTTP 80, .
DHT- BitTorrent- UDP.
DHT
DHT (Distributed hash table) , .
DHT DHT , .
DHT Mainline, Torrent, KTorrent, BitSpirit BitComet. Azureus DHT, Azureus DHT .
DHT PEX . :
1.
, X . Z, X , , . , .
Y Z. Y X, PEX X . X Z.
2.
, Azureus, DHT PEX, .
3.
, , . , , IP , .
PEX , DHT , .
4. DHT
trackerless. , DHT .
trackerless eMule, KAD.
DHT
DHT, Kademlia. , DHT (Distributed hash table) . DHT , P2P , , DNS . .
DHT UDP . UDP , TCP . DHT, UDP o, DHT .
DHT . ID (), 160- , infohash .
, , . ID, .
- , infohash ID , , ID infohash. , ID infohash .
, , ID infohash .
, , infohash, , ID infohash. , .
Private key
() , , DHT PEX .
() , , . , -. , DHT/PEX.
DHT PEX Azureus BitComet 2005 . , .
: private. 1, DHT/PEX . Secure Torrent.
private:1 , , , DHT PEX, private key. DHT/PEX, .
, private key infohash , ? .
?
-
DHT, , DHT , , , DHT . , DHT .
-
, DHT/PEX . , ( ), .
- private key
2006 .. DHT/PEX ( ).
, , passkey. , BitComet Azureus DHT passkey , passkey . DHT .
DHT
, private key , ( , private key) DHT PEX.
, DHT , DHT, . .
-, DHT/PEX . , - . .
DHT ( ) DHT, DHT
-, , , / DHT / , . DHT PEX, , , .
, , , , DHT PEX, . - DHT/PEX ( ), , .
: , . DHT/PEX , .
, UDP UDP- ( ) UDP NAT Traversal ( BitComet ).
.torrent, :
- URL ;
- (, .);
- (, - SHA1) .
, ( ) -, , , RSS.
, - , .
(. tracker) , HTTP. , . , IP-, -, , . , , - . -. , , .
BitTorrent
BitTorrent -, BitTorrent .
BitTorrent .
, :
GET HTTP , Bencode.
BitTorrent , , . 30 60 .
BitTorrent , info_hash, IP . , .
, , . , , , info_hash.
BitTorrent, . , , IP .
DHT.
, , , -, , .
, , , .
- .
(. private) , , .
. , . , .
, , . , , .
() IP passkey, announce URL .
, -, HTTP ( Apache), , PHP JSP.
(. trackerless) , . .
4.2.0 , , Kademlia. , , -.
. BitComet, Torrent, KTorrent BitTorrent. Azureus , , DHT .
BitTorrent
, , - , , , . .
. BitTorrent , . NAT .
. , , , , . .
(. choke). . , , , . , , .
Super seeding (c-)
- (. super seeding) , BitTorrent, . BitTornado 2003 .
- BitTorrent. , , , .
- , . , . , - , , . , . , -, , , .
- . (23 ) . - , . (1020 ), , , .
-
:
- aria2 HTTP, FTP, BitTorrent; Metalink 3.0
- Azureus Java, ;
- BitTornado , Python;
- FoxTorrent Mozilla Firefox, BitTorrent;
- mlDonkey ;
- Opera , 9.0;
- TorrentFlux PHP, Web PHP , , .
UNIX- :
- BTPD Unix/GNU+Linux, C++; ;
- CTorrent Unix/GNU+Linux, 2004 ;
- Deluge GNU/Linux, Python; GTK;
- KTorrent Qt; KDE;
- rTorrent UNIX/GNU+Linux, C++; ncurses libTorrent;
- Transmission Mac OS X, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD, GNU/Linux BeOS, GTK.
Microsoft Windows Windows NT:
- Torrent;
- BitComet;
- FlashGet;
- GetRight.
- Shareaza , BitTorrent
Mac OS:
:
0
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